{ "name": "Claims Verified standards", "publisher": "Claims Verified", "standards_version": "v1.3.1", "citations_version": "citations_v1.0", "rules_total": 98, "canonical": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/registry.json", "human_readable": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/", "terms": "Cite freely with attribution to Claims Verified and the standards version. The rulings are our published professional opinion, not legal advice.", "tiers": { "page_fact": "A fact about the page. Either the words are there or they are not, either the disclaimer is present or it is not, either the register shows a record or it does not. Anyone can check this without professional judgement.", "governing_test": "An interpretation. We applied a published legal test to the published copy and reached a conclusion. Reasonable reviewers applying the same test can disagree at the margin; this is our reviewer's professional opinion, and the test is cited so you can check the reasoning.", "substantiation_required": "Not a ruling. The claim may be permissible in this form, but only if the brand holds evidence meeting the cited standard. We do not hold or evaluate that evidence. Answer it in column (b).", "platform_contract": "Not law. A term of a private contract you have signed with a platform or retailer. Enforcement is account action, not a regulator, and the platform may change the term without notice." }, "rules": [ { "rule_id": "CV-DV-01", "phrase": "cures", "aliases": [], "category": "Disease verb", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-DV-01/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-DV-02", "phrase": "treats", "aliases": [], "category": "Disease verb", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 8, "listings": 5, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-DV-02/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-DV-03", "phrase": "prevents", "aliases": [], "category": "Disease verb", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 48, "listings": 42, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-DV-03/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-DV-04", "phrase": "heals", "aliases": [], "category": "Disease verb", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 26, "listings": 19, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-DV-04/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-DV-05", "phrase": "reverses", "aliases": [], "category": "Disease verb", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 6, "listings": 6, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-DV-05/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-DV-06", "phrase": "mitigates", "aliases": [], "category": "Disease verb", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 5, "listings": 5, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-DV-06/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-DV-07", "phrase": "diagnoses", "aliases": [], "category": "Disease verb", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-DV-07/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-DV-08", "phrase": "remedy for", "aliases": [], "category": "Disease verb", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 6, "listings": 6, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-DV-08/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-DV-09", "phrase": "relieves symptoms of", "aliases": [], "category": "Disease verb", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 51, "listings": 40, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-DV-09/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-DV-10", "phrase": "alternative to [prescription drug]", "aliases": [], "category": "Disease verb", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "A supplement presented as a stand-in for a drug is the pseudo-pharmaceutical Stripe names. FDA is still the more serious rule; Stripe is who acts on the money.", "findings": 15, "listings": 15, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Stripe", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Stripe Prohibited and Restricted Businesses", "pin": "Prohibited Businesses: nutraceuticals and pseudo-pharmaceuticals; unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices", "url": "https://stripe.com/legal/restricted-businesses", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-DV-10/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-01", "phrase": "treats anxiety / for anxiety", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 30, "listings": 30, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-01/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-02", "phrase": "treats depression / mood disorder", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 7, "listings": 7, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-02/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-03", "phrase": "lowers blood pressure", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 3, "listings": 3, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-03/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-04", "phrase": "lowers cholesterol", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-04/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-05", "phrase": "lowers blood sugar / for diabetes", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 1, "listings": 1, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-05/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-06", "phrase": "reverses insulin resistance", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 1, "listings": 1, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-06/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-07", "phrase": "heals leaky gut", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 32, "listings": 20, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-07/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-08", "phrase": "treats IBS / Crohn's / colitis", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 8, "listings": 7, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-08/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-09", "phrase": "kills cancer cells / anti-cancer / anti-tumor", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-09/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-10", "phrase": "treats arthritis / joint disease", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-10/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-11", "phrase": "for Alzheimer's / dementia / memory loss", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 11, "listings": 11, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-11/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-12", "phrase": "treats insomnia", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 18, "listings": 17, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-12/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-13", "phrase": "for menopause symptoms / hot flashes", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "Menopause is a natural state, not a disease, so some claims here survive. The line is drawn at claims targeting an uncommon or serious condition associated with it. This is why the row is High and not Critical.", "findings": 12, "listings": 10, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(f)", "pin": "common conditions associated with natural states or processes that FDA does not treat as diseases", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-13/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-14", "phrase": "treats erectile dysfunction", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 3, "listings": 3, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-14/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-15", "phrase": "treats acne / eczema / psoriasis", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 3, "listings": 3, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-15/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-16", "phrase": "for osteoporosis", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-16/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-17", "phrase": "treats migraines", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 1, "listings": 1, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-17/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-18", "phrase": "for thyroid disease / hypothyroidism", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 1, "listings": 1, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-18/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-19", "phrase": "treats autoimmune conditions", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 1, "listings": 1, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-19/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-NC-20", "phrase": "for COVID / flu / colds", "aliases": [], "category": "Named condition", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 8, "listings": 6, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. F-27, s.3 and Schedule A", "pin": "restriction on advertising a product to the general public as a treatment, preventative or cure for a Schedule A disease", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-27/section-3.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-NC-20/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-01", "phrase": "anti-inflammatory", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 22, "listings": 16, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-01/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-02", "phrase": "antibiotic / antibacterial (systemic)", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 3, "listings": 2, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-02/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-03", "phrase": "antiviral", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-03/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-04", "phrase": "antifungal", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-04/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-05", "phrase": "analgesic / pain reliever / relieves pain", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 25, "listings": 25, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-05/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-06", "phrase": "detox / detoxifies / cleanses toxins", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 80, "listings": 58, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-06/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-07", "phrase": "boosts immunity / immune booster", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 257, "listings": 193, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-07/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-08", "phrase": "balances hormones", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 268, "listings": 201, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-08/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-09", "phrase": "regulates blood sugar", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 53, "listings": 47, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-09/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-10", "phrase": "normalizes / restores", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 199, "listings": 172, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-10/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-11", "phrase": "blocks / inhibits [biological process]", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 107, "listings": 84, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-11/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-12", "phrase": "prescription strength / pharmaceutical grade", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 38, "listings": 36, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-12/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ID-13", "phrase": "therapeutic dose", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied drug", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 16, "listings": 15, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ID-13/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-FR-01", "phrase": "FDA approved", "aliases": [], "category": "False regulatory", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "page_fact", "note": "FDA does not approve dietary supplements. Verifiable against FDA's approved-products databases: either a record exists or it does not. Amazon's claims policy uses \u201cFDA Approved\u201d as its own worked example of a false certification claim, which is why this one moves fast.", "findings": 1, "listings": 1, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.415, 21 U.S.C. 350d", "pin": "facility registration; registration is a filing obligation and is not an approval, endorsement or clearance of any product made at the facility", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/350d", "verified_on": "" }, { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon Seller Central, Misleading and prohibited claims", "pin": "claims guidelines: compliance with applicable requirements, accuracy and verifiability, and unqualified superlatives", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G202024200", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-FR-01/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-FR-02", "phrase": "FDA certified / FDA endorsed", "aliases": [], "category": "False regulatory", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "page_fact", "note": "FDA issues no certification or endorsement of dietary supplements in any programme.", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.415, 21 U.S.C. 350d", "pin": "facility registration; registration is a filing obligation and is not an approval, endorsement or clearance of any product made at the facility", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/350d", "verified_on": "" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-FR-02/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-FR-03", "phrase": "FDA registered (as a product claim)", "aliases": [], "category": "False regulatory", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "Facility registration may be true. Using it as a product claim is what converts a true fact into a misleading one.", "findings": 22, "listings": 22, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.415, 21 U.S.C. 350d", "pin": "facility registration; registration is a filing obligation and is not an approval, endorsement or clearance of any product made at the facility", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/350d", "verified_on": "" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-FR-03/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-FR-04", "phrase": "clinically proven", "aliases": [], "category": "False regulatory", "severity": "High", "tier": "substantiation_required", "note": "", "findings": 106, "listings": 93, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC Health Products Compliance Guidance (December 2022)", "pin": "health-benefit claims generally require randomised, controlled human clinical testing; this is the document Walmart's substantiation checklist is asking about", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/health-products-compliance-guidance", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Competition Bureau Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Competition Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. C-34, s.74.01(1)(b)", "pin": "performance claims not based on an adequate and proper test, the proof of which lies on the person making the representation; the test must precede the claim", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-34/section-74.01.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Walmart", "jurisdiction": "retailer", "instrument": "supply contract", "cite": "Walmart Standards for Suppliers, Label and Market Products Accurately", "pin": "suppliers must support any claim they make with adequate substantiation", "url": "https://corporate.walmart.com/suppliers/requirements/standards-for-suppliers", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Ad Standards Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "self-regulatory code", "cite": "Canadian Code of Advertising Standards, clause 1(e)", "pin": "claims must be supported by competent and reliable evidence, disclosed to Ad Standards on request", "url": "https://adstandards.ca/code/the-code-online/", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-FR-04/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-FR-05", "phrase": "scientifically proven / doctor proven", "aliases": [], "category": "False regulatory", "severity": "High", "tier": "substantiation_required", "note": "", "findings": 66, "listings": 64, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC Health Products Compliance Guidance (December 2022)", "pin": "health-benefit claims generally require randomised, controlled human clinical testing; this is the document Walmart's substantiation checklist is asking about", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/health-products-compliance-guidance", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Competition Bureau Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Competition Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. C-34, s.74.01(1)(b)", "pin": "performance claims not based on an adequate and proper test, the proof of which lies on the person making the representation; the test must precede the claim", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-34/section-74.01.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Walmart", "jurisdiction": "retailer", "instrument": "supply contract", "cite": "Walmart Standards for Suppliers, Label and Market Products Accurately", "pin": "suppliers must support any claim they make with adequate substantiation", "url": "https://corporate.walmart.com/suppliers/requirements/standards-for-suppliers", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Ad Standards Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "self-regulatory code", "cite": "Canadian Code of Advertising Standards, clause 1(e)", "pin": "claims must be supported by competent and reliable evidence, disclosed to Ad Standards on request", "url": "https://adstandards.ca/code/the-code-online/", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-FR-05/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-FR-06", "phrase": "guaranteed results", "aliases": [], "category": "False regulatory", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "An outcome guarantee is not curable by evidence: no study supports a universal result. Distinct from a refund guarantee, which is a commercial term and is permitted.", "findings": 135, "listings": 131, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC Health Products Compliance Guidance (December 2022)", "pin": "health-benefit claims generally require randomised, controlled human clinical testing; this is the document Walmart's substantiation checklist is asking about", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/health-products-compliance-guidance", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-FR-06/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-FR-07", "phrase": "100% safe / no side effects", "aliases": [], "category": "False regulatory", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 127, "listings": 106, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC Health Products Compliance Guidance (December 2022)", "pin": "health-benefit claims generally require randomised, controlled human clinical testing; this is the document Walmart's substantiation checklist is asking about", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/health-products-compliance-guidance", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-FR-07/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-FR-08", "phrase": "GMP certified (unverified)", "aliases": [], "category": "False regulatory", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "page_fact", "note": "This is a document-existence question, not a scientific sufficiency question. We can and do check whether a certificate exists; we do not audit the facility.", "findings": 466, "listings": 453, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR Part 111", "pin": "current good manufacturing practice for dietary supplements; FDA sets the requirement and does not issue certificates against it", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/part-111", "verified_on": "" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-FR-08/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-FR-09", "phrase": "patented formula (no patent)", "aliases": [], "category": "False regulatory", "severity": "High", "tier": "page_fact", "note": "Verifiable in the USPTO register.", "findings": 42, "listings": 39, "citations": [ { "authority": "USPTO / federal courts", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "35 U.S.C. 292", "pin": "false marking: representing an unpatented article as patented", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/35/292", "verified_on": "" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-FR-09/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-SB-01", "phrase": "#1 doctor recommended", "aliases": [], "category": "Substantiation", "severity": "High", "tier": "substantiation_required", "note": "", "findings": 128, "listings": 120, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC Health Products Compliance Guidance (December 2022)", "pin": "health-benefit claims generally require randomised, controlled human clinical testing; this is the document Walmart's substantiation checklist is asking about", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/health-products-compliance-guidance", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "16 CFR 255.1", "pin": "advertisers are liable for claims made through endorsements, including claims they could not make directly", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-16/part-255", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Walmart", "jurisdiction": "retailer", "instrument": "supply contract", "cite": "Walmart Standards for Suppliers, Label and Market Products Accurately", "pin": "suppliers must support any claim they make with adequate substantiation", "url": "https://corporate.walmart.com/suppliers/requirements/standards-for-suppliers", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Ad Standards Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "self-regulatory code", "cite": "Canadian Code of Advertising Standards, clause 1(e)", "pin": "claims must be supported by competent and reliable evidence, disclosed to Ad Standards on request", "url": "https://adstandards.ca/code/the-code-online/", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-SB-01/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-SB-02", "phrase": "best / most effective / strongest", "aliases": [], "category": "Substantiation", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "This is the puffery boundary. 'Best' alone may be non-actionable puffery; 'best' next to a measurable attribute is a comparative claim requiring a head-to-head. Amazon does not recognise the boundary: its claims policy requires \u201cverifiable and objective proof\u201d for \u201cbest\u201d either way, so the puffery defence works against the FTC and not against a listing suppression.", "findings": 995, "listings": 664, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC Health Products Compliance Guidance (December 2022)", "pin": "health-benefit claims generally require randomised, controlled human clinical testing; this is the document Walmart's substantiation checklist is asking about", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/health-products-compliance-guidance", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon Seller Central, Misleading and prohibited claims", "pin": "claims guidelines: compliance with applicable requirements, accuracy and verifiability, and unqualified superlatives", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G202024200", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-SB-02/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-SB-03", "phrase": "works in [X] days", "aliases": [], "category": "Substantiation", "severity": "High", "tier": "substantiation_required", "note": "", "findings": 145, "listings": 117, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC Health Products Compliance Guidance (December 2022)", "pin": "health-benefit claims generally require randomised, controlled human clinical testing; this is the document Walmart's substantiation checklist is asking about", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/health-products-compliance-guidance", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Competition Bureau Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Competition Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. C-34, s.74.01(1)(b)", "pin": "performance claims not based on an adequate and proper test, the proof of which lies on the person making the representation; the test must precede the claim", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-34/section-74.01.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Walmart", "jurisdiction": "retailer", "instrument": "supply contract", "cite": "Walmart Standards for Suppliers, Label and Market Products Accurately", "pin": "suppliers must support any claim they make with adequate substantiation", "url": "https://corporate.walmart.com/suppliers/requirements/standards-for-suppliers", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Ad Standards Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "self-regulatory code", "cite": "Canadian Code of Advertising Standards, clause 1(e)", "pin": "claims must be supported by competent and reliable evidence, disclosed to Ad Standards on request", "url": "https://adstandards.ca/code/the-code-online/", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-SB-03/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-SB-04", "phrase": "lose [X] lbs", "aliases": [], "category": "Substantiation", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "On FTC's Gut Check list, which means FTC treats the claim as false on its face. Evidence does not rescue it, so this one does NOT route to column (b).", "findings": 6, "listings": 6, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC, Gut Check: A Reference Guide for Media on Spotting False Weight Loss Claims", "pin": "weight-loss claims FTC treats as facially false regardless of what evidence is offered", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/gut-check-reference-guide-media-spotting-false-weight-loss-claims", "verified_on": "" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-SB-04/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-SB-05", "phrase": "melts fat / burns fat / torches fat", "aliases": [], "category": "Substantiation", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 42, "listings": 28, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC, Gut Check: A Reference Guide for Media on Spotting False Weight Loss Claims", "pin": "weight-loss claims FTC treats as facially false regardless of what evidence is offered", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/gut-check-reference-guide-media-spotting-false-weight-loss-claims", "verified_on": "" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-SB-05/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-SB-06", "phrase": "appetite suppressant", "aliases": [], "category": "Substantiation", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 8, "listings": 8, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC Health Products Compliance Guidance (December 2022)", "pin": "health-benefit claims generally require randomised, controlled human clinical testing; this is the document Walmart's substantiation checklist is asking about", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/health-products-compliance-guidance", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-SB-06/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-SB-07", "phrase": "clinical dose (unverified)", "aliases": [], "category": "Substantiation", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "substantiation_required", "note": "", "findings": 70, "listings": 61, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC Health Products Compliance Guidance (December 2022)", "pin": "health-benefit claims generally require randomised, controlled human clinical testing; this is the document Walmart's substantiation checklist is asking about", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/health-products-compliance-guidance", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Walmart", "jurisdiction": "retailer", "instrument": "supply contract", "cite": "Walmart Standards for Suppliers, Label and Market Products Accurately", "pin": "suppliers must support any claim they make with adequate substantiation", "url": "https://corporate.walmart.com/suppliers/requirements/standards-for-suppliers", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Ad Standards Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "self-regulatory code", "cite": "Canadian Code of Advertising Standards, clause 1(e)", "pin": "claims must be supported by competent and reliable evidence, disclosed to Ad Standards on request", "url": "https://adstandards.ca/code/the-code-online/", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-SB-07/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-SB-08", "phrase": "studies show (uncited)", "aliases": [], "category": "Substantiation", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "substantiation_required", "note": "", "findings": 256, "listings": 211, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC Health Products Compliance Guidance (December 2022)", "pin": "health-benefit claims generally require randomised, controlled human clinical testing; this is the document Walmart's substantiation checklist is asking about", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/health-products-compliance-guidance", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Walmart", "jurisdiction": "retailer", "instrument": "supply contract", "cite": "Walmart Standards for Suppliers, Label and Market Products Accurately", "pin": "suppliers must support any claim they make with adequate substantiation", "url": "https://corporate.walmart.com/suppliers/requirements/standards-for-suppliers", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Ad Standards Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "self-regulatory code", "cite": "Canadian Code of Advertising Standards, clause 1(e)", "pin": "claims must be supported by competent and reliable evidence, disclosed to Ad Standards on request", "url": "https://adstandards.ca/code/the-code-online/", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-SB-08/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-SB-09", "phrase": "all-natural", "aliases": [], "category": "Substantiation", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "No agency definition of 'natural' exists for supplements. The exposure is deception under FTC Act s.5 where any synthetic or processed component is present, not failure of a defined standard.", "findings": 147, "listings": 136, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-SB-09/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-SB-10", "phrase": "chemical-free / toxin-free", "aliases": [], "category": "Substantiation", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 58, "listings": 55, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-SB-10/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-SB-11", "phrase": "non-habit forming", "aliases": [], "category": "Substantiation", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "Implies comparison to a class of habit-forming drugs, which is what makes it an implied drug claim rather than a safety claim.", "findings": 104, "listings": 87, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-SB-11/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PP-01", "phrase": "Struggling with [condition]?", "aliases": [], "category": "Platform policy", "severity": "High", "tier": "platform_contract", "note": "", "findings": 36, "listings": 35, "citations": [ { "authority": "Meta", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Meta Advertising Standards", "pin": "personal health and appearance; prohibition on copy implying knowledge of a person's health status or personal attributes", "url": "https://transparency.meta.com/policies/ad-standards/", "verified_on": "2026-08-17" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PP-01/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PP-02", "phrase": "Do you suffer from...", "aliases": [], "category": "Platform policy", "severity": "High", "tier": "platform_contract", "note": "", "findings": 26, "listings": 25, "citations": [ { "authority": "Meta", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Meta Advertising Standards", "pin": "personal health and appearance; prohibition on copy implying knowledge of a person's health status or personal attributes", "url": "https://transparency.meta.com/policies/ad-standards/", "verified_on": "2026-08-17" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PP-02/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PP-03", "phrase": "Before / after imagery", "aliases": [], "category": "Platform policy", "severity": "High", "tier": "platform_contract", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "Meta", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Meta Advertising Standards", "pin": "personal health and appearance; prohibition on copy implying knowledge of a person's health status or personal attributes", "url": "https://transparency.meta.com/policies/ad-standards/", "verified_on": "2026-08-17" }, { "authority": "Google", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Google Ads policy: Healthcare and medicines", "pin": "restricted healthcare content and certification requirements", "url": "https://support.google.com/adspolicy/answer/176031", "verified_on": "2026-08-17" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "16 CFR 255.2", "pin": "consumer endorsements convey that the experience is representative of what consumers will generally achieve", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-16/part-255", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PP-03/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PP-04", "phrase": "Zoomed body-part imagery", "aliases": [], "category": "Platform policy", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "platform_contract", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "Meta", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Meta Advertising Standards", "pin": "personal health and appearance; prohibition on copy implying knowledge of a person's health status or personal attributes", "url": "https://transparency.meta.com/policies/ad-standards/", "verified_on": "2026-08-17" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PP-04/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PP-05", "phrase": "Negative self-perception framing", "aliases": [], "category": "Platform policy", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "platform_contract", "note": "", "findings": 2, "listings": 2, "citations": [ { "authority": "Meta", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Meta Advertising Standards", "pin": "personal health and appearance; prohibition on copy implying knowledge of a person's health status or personal attributes", "url": "https://transparency.meta.com/policies/ad-standards/", "verified_on": "2026-08-17" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PP-05/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PP-06", "phrase": "Health claims in ad headline", "aliases": [], "category": "Platform policy", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "platform_contract", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "Google", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Google Ads policy: Healthcare and medicines", "pin": "restricted healthcare content and certification requirements", "url": "https://support.google.com/adspolicy/answer/176031", "verified_on": "2026-08-17" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PP-06/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PP-07", "phrase": "Drug/supplement comparison in ads", "aliases": [], "category": "Platform policy", "severity": "High", "tier": "platform_contract", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "Meta", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Meta Advertising Standards", "pin": "personal health and appearance; prohibition on copy implying knowledge of a person's health status or personal attributes", "url": "https://transparency.meta.com/policies/ad-standards/", "verified_on": "2026-08-17" }, { "authority": "Google", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Google Ads policy: Healthcare and medicines", "pin": "restricted healthcare content and certification requirements", "url": "https://support.google.com/adspolicy/answer/176031", "verified_on": "2026-08-17" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PP-07/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PP-08", "phrase": "Disease keyword in Amazon title/bullets", "aliases": [], "category": "Platform policy", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "Dual. Amazon enforces it as a contract term within hours; FDA reaches the same copy as a disease claim. The Amazon citation is why it gets fixed this week.", "findings": 83, "listings": 64, "citations": [ { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon Seller Central, Dietary Supplements policy", "pin": "prohibited claims in listing content including title, bullets, description and search terms", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G201829010", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PP-08/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PP-09", "phrase": "Disease terms in backend search keywords", "aliases": [], "category": "Platform policy", "severity": "High", "tier": "platform_contract", "note": "Backend keywords are not visible to the shopper, so the live exposure is the Amazon contract, not consumer deception.", "findings": 1, "listings": 1, "citations": [ { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon Seller Central, Dietary Supplements policy", "pin": "prohibited claims in listing content including title, bullets, description and search terms", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G201829010", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PP-09/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-IC-01", "phrase": "Testimonial naming a disease", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied claim", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "A testimonial is evidence of intended use. The brand cannot say through a customer what it cannot say directly.", "findings": 1, "listings": 1, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "16 CFR 255.2", "pin": "consumer endorsements convey that the experience is representative of what consumers will generally achieve", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-16/part-255", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "16 CFR 255.1", "pin": "advertisers are liable for claims made through endorsements, including claims they could not make directly", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-16/part-255", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Stripe", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Stripe Prohibited and Restricted Businesses", "pin": "Prohibited Businesses: nutraceuticals and pseudo-pharmaceuticals; unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices", "url": "https://stripe.com/legal/restricted-businesses", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-IC-01/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-IC-02", "phrase": "Product name implying treatment", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied claim", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 43, "listings": 37, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-IC-02/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-IC-03", "phrase": "Ingredient study on a disease population", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied claim", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "Dual-natured. The permissibility problem is that citing a disease-population study evidences intended use, and that problem exists however good the study is.", "findings": 8, "listings": 7, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC Health Products Compliance Guidance (December 2022)", "pin": "health-benefit claims generally require randomised, controlled human clinical testing; this is the document Walmart's substantiation checklist is asking about", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/health-products-compliance-guidance", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-IC-03/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ST-01", "phrase": "Missing FDA disclaimer", "aliases": [], "category": "Structural", "severity": "High", "tier": "page_fact", "note": "Binary. The disclaimer is present in the required form or it is not.", "findings": 634, "listings": 634, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.403(r)(6), 21 U.S.C. 343(r)(6)", "pin": "structure/function claims permitted where the manufacturer has substantiation that the statement is truthful and not misleading, and the disclaimer is carried", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/343", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(c)", "pin": "required disclaimer text for structure/function claims", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ST-01/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-ST-02", "phrase": "Disclaimer present but not prominent", "aliases": [], "category": "Structural", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "page_fact", "note": "", "findings": 6, "listings": 6, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(d)", "pin": "placement and prominence of the disclaimer", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.403(r)(6), 21 U.S.C. 343(r)(6)", "pin": "structure/function claims permitted where the manufacturer has substantiation that the statement is truthful and not misleading, and the disclaimer is carried", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/343", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-ST-02/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-IC-04", "phrase": "Affiliate/influencer disease claim", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied claim", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "16 CFR 255.1", "pin": "advertisers are liable for claims made through endorsements, including claims they could not make directly", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-16/part-255", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-IC-04/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-IC-05", "phrase": "Undisclosed material connection", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied claim", "severity": "High", "tier": "page_fact", "note": "Binary and checkable: the disclosure is on the page or it is not.", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "16 CFR 255.5", "pin": "disclosure of material connections between endorser and advertiser", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-16/part-255", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-IC-05/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-IC-06", "phrase": "Disease claim in blog / SEO content", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied claim", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(m), 21 U.S.C. 321(m)", "pin": "'labeling' includes matter accompanying the article, which FDA has applied to brand websites and other owned content", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-IC-06/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-IC-07", "phrase": "Disease claim in email flows", "aliases": [], "category": "Implied claim", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(m), 21 U.S.C. 321(m)", "pin": "'labeling' includes matter accompanying the article, which FDA has applied to brand websites and other owned content", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-IC-07/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-LR-01", "phrase": "Raw-herb equivalent weight (inflated extract amount)", "aliases": [], "category": "Label reconciliation", "severity": "High", "tier": "platform_contract", "note": "Readable from the copy: an equivalence phrase next to a weight an order of magnitude above a plausible extract dose. Confirming the actual extract amount still needs the panel.", "findings": 21, "listings": 21, "citations": [ { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon Seller Central, Dietary Supplements policy, Claims", "pin": "listing attributes and images must not contain extract or ingredient weight claims that do not match the amounts shown in the Supplement Facts panel", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G201829010", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-LR-01/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-LR-02", "phrase": "Ingredient weight with no ingredient named", "aliases": [], "category": "Label reconciliation", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "page_fact", "note": "Either a weight has an ingredient attached to it or it does not. No panel and no judgement needed.", "findings": 43, "listings": 41, "citations": [ { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon Seller Central, Dietary Supplements policy, Claims", "pin": "listing attributes and images must not contain extract or ingredient weight claims that do not match the amounts shown in the Supplement Facts panel", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G201829010", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-LR-02/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-LR-03", "phrase": "Ingredient weight with no serving size stated", "aliases": [], "category": "Label reconciliation", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "page_fact", "note": "Either the portion is stated or it is not. No panel and no judgement needed.", "findings": 538, "listings": 436, "citations": [ { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon Seller Central, Dietary Supplements policy, Claims", "pin": "listing attributes and images must not contain extract or ingredient weight claims that do not match the amounts shown in the Supplement Facts panel", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G201829010", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-LR-03/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-LR-04", "phrase": "Stated amount does not match the Supplement Facts panel", "aliases": [], "category": "Label reconciliation", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "page_fact", "note": "PANEL REQUIRED. This one cannot be run from the page. Without the panel the check is not performed, and the report says not performed rather than passed.", "findings": 60, "listings": 60, "citations": [ { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon Seller Central, Dietary Supplements policy, Claims", "pin": "listing attributes and images must not contain extract or ingredient weight claims that do not match the amounts shown in the Supplement Facts panel", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G201829010", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.36", "pin": "the Supplement Facts panel: what it must declare, and the form the declaration takes", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.36", "verified_on": "" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(m), 21 U.S.C. 321(m)", "pin": "'labeling' includes matter accompanying the article, which FDA has applied to brand websites and other owned content", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-LR-04/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PP-10", "phrase": "Prescription drug name or drug-equivalence claim", "aliases": [], "category": "Platform policy", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "Dual, and the more serious of the two is FDA: a name borrowing a drug's identity is evidence of intended use under s.201(g). Amazon is why it gets fixed this week.", "findings": 49, "listings": 38, "citations": [ { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon Seller Central, Dietary Supplements policy", "pin": "prohibited claims in listing content including title, bullets, description and search terms", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G201829010", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Stripe", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Stripe Prohibited and Restricted Businesses", "pin": "Prohibited Businesses: nutraceuticals and pseudo-pharmaceuticals; unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices", "url": "https://stripe.com/legal/restricted-businesses", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PP-10/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PP-11", "phrase": "Legal steroids / anabolic effect", "aliases": [], "category": "Platform policy", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 21, "listings": 17, "citations": [ { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon Seller Central, Dietary Supplements policy", "pin": "prohibited claims in listing content including title, bullets, description and search terms", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G201829010", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "PayPal", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "PayPal Acceptable Use Policy, Prohibited Activities", "pin": "transactions involving steroids and products that present a risk to consumer safety", "url": "https://www.paypal.com/us/legalhub/paypal/acceptableuse-full", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PP-11/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PP-12", "phrase": "Tester / not for retail sale labelling", "aliases": [], "category": "Platform policy", "severity": "High", "tier": "platform_contract", "note": "A sourcing finding, not a copy finding. Rewriting the listing does not cure it; the stock is the problem.", "findings": 1, "listings": 1, "citations": [ { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon Seller Central, Dietary Supplements policy", "pin": "prohibited claims in listing content including title, bullets, description and search terms", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G201829010", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PP-12/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-SB-12", "phrase": "Non-GMO (undocumented)", "aliases": [], "category": "Substantiation", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "substantiation_required", "note": "The three accepted forms are Amazon's own, quoted from the policy. Naming them turns a vague ask into a document request the brand can act on.", "findings": 897, "listings": 722, "citations": [ { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon Seller Central, Dietary Supplements policy", "pin": "prohibited claims in listing content including title, bullets, description and search terms", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/G201829010", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "guidance", "cite": "FTC Health Products Compliance Guidance (December 2022)", "pin": "health-benefit claims generally require randomised, controlled human clinical testing; this is the document Walmart's substantiation checklist is asking about", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/health-products-compliance-guidance", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Walmart", "jurisdiction": "retailer", "instrument": "supply contract", "cite": "Walmart Standards for Suppliers, Label and Market Products Accurately", "pin": "suppliers must support any claim they make with adequate substantiation", "url": "https://corporate.walmart.com/suppliers/requirements/standards-for-suppliers", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Ad Standards Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "self-regulatory code", "cite": "Canadian Code of Advertising Standards, clause 1(e)", "pin": "claims must be supported by competent and reliable evidence, disclosed to Ad Standards on request", "url": "https://adstandards.ca/code/the-code-online/", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-SB-12/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-LC-01", "phrase": "Claim exceeds the licensed use or purpose (Canada)", "aliases": [], "category": "Licence scope", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "The rule is the brand's own filing, so the comparison is binary. Whether a PARAPHRASE exceeds the approved wording is still a judgement, which is why this is a governing test and not a page fact. Always publish the NPN with the finding.", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "Natural Health Products Regulations, SOR/2003-196, s.14(1)(h)", "pin": "the licence itself sets out the recommended use or purpose that is AUTHORIZED for the product; this is the text the LNHPD publishes and the text marketing is measured against", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2003-196/FullText.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Amazon", "jurisdiction": "marketplace", "instrument": "platform policy", "cite": "Amazon.ca Seller Central, Natural health products", "pin": "claims must comply with the product's market authorization, and off-label use beyond the Health Canada authorized indications is prohibited", "url": "https://sellercentral.amazon.ca/help/hub/reference/external/G200164490", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Competition Bureau Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Competition Act, R.S.C. 1985 c. C-34, s.74.01(1)(b)", "pin": "performance claims not based on an adequate and proper test, the proof of which lies on the person making the representation; the test must precede the claim", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-34/section-74.01.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-LC-01/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-LC-02", "phrase": "No Canadian product licence for a product sold in Canada", "aliases": [], "category": "Licence scope", "severity": "Critical", "tier": "page_fact", "note": "Either the register returns a record or it does not. No judgement, and the buyer can check it in thirty seconds, which is the whole value.", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "Natural Health Products Regulations, SOR/2003-196, s.4(1)", "pin": "no natural health product may be sold in Canada unless a product licence has been issued for it", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2003-196/FullText.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-LC-02/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-LC-03", "phrase": "Canadian-licensed wording that is a US disease claim", "aliases": [], "category": "Licence scope", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "Runs the other way: the Canadian licence is the EVIDENCE, not the rule breached. Health Canada authorised the wording and the brand did nothing wrong, so this is written as a warning that the two markets diverge and never as an accusation.", "findings": 1, "listings": 1, "citations": [ { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "21 CFR 101.93(g)", "pin": "the criteria by which FDA determines that a statement is a disease claim rather than a structure/function claim", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-101.93", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "FDA", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FDCA s.201(g)(1)(B), 21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(B)", "pin": "definition of 'drug': articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Health Canada", "jurisdiction": "CA", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "Natural Health Products Regulations, SOR/2003-196, s.14(1)(h)", "pin": "the licence itself sets out the recommended use or purpose that is AUTHORIZED for the product; this is the text the LNHPD publishes and the text marketing is measured against", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2003-196/FullText.html", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-LC-03/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PR-01", "phrase": "Free trial / risk-free trial (recurring charge not disclosed)", "aliases": [], "category": "Processor policy", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "Law and contract at once. The statute decides whether the disclosure is clear and conspicuous; the processors decide whether they will keep carrying the account.", "findings": 3, "listings": 3, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Restore Online Shoppers' Confidence Act, 15 U.S.C. 8403", "pin": "negative option sales online: clear and conspicuous disclosure of all material terms before billing information is taken", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/8403", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" }, { "authority": "Stripe", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Stripe Prohibited and Restricted Businesses", "pin": "Prohibited Businesses: nutraceuticals and pseudo-pharmaceuticals; unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices", "url": "https://stripe.com/legal/restricted-businesses", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" }, { "authority": "Square", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Square Payment Terms, restricted businesses", "pin": "businesses and activities that may not use the Payment Services", "url": "https://squareup.com/us/en/legal/general/payment", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PR-01/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PR-02", "phrase": "Just pay shipping / only pay shipping", "aliases": [], "category": "Processor policy", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Restore Online Shoppers' Confidence Act, 15 U.S.C. 8403", "pin": "negative option sales online: clear and conspicuous disclosure of all material terms before billing information is taken", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/8403", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" }, { "authority": "Stripe", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Stripe Prohibited and Restricted Businesses", "pin": "Prohibited Businesses: nutraceuticals and pseudo-pharmaceuticals; unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices", "url": "https://stripe.com/legal/restricted-businesses", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" }, { "authority": "Square", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Square Payment Terms, restricted businesses", "pin": "businesses and activities that may not use the Payment Services", "url": "https://squareup.com/us/en/legal/general/payment", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PR-02/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PR-03", "phrase": "Auto-ship / subscribe offer with no price, frequency or cancel terms", "aliases": [], "category": "Processor policy", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "", "findings": 6, "listings": 6, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "Restore Online Shoppers' Confidence Act, 15 U.S.C. 8403", "pin": "negative option sales online: clear and conspicuous disclosure of all material terms before billing information is taken", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/8403", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" }, { "authority": "Stripe", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Stripe Prohibited and Restricted Businesses", "pin": "Prohibited Businesses: nutraceuticals and pseudo-pharmaceuticals; unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices", "url": "https://stripe.com/legal/restricted-businesses", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" }, { "authority": "Square", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Square Payment Terms, restricted businesses", "pin": "businesses and activities that may not use the Payment Services", "url": "https://squareup.com/us/en/legal/general/payment", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PR-03/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PR-04", "phrase": "Miracle / breakthrough / the secret doctors won't tell you", "aliases": [], "category": "Processor policy", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "platform_contract", "note": "", "findings": 19, "listings": 16, "citations": [ { "authority": "Stripe", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Stripe Prohibited and Restricted Businesses", "pin": "Prohibited Businesses: nutraceuticals and pseudo-pharmaceuticals; unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices", "url": "https://stripe.com/legal/restricted-businesses", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PR-04/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PR-05", "phrase": "Review or testimonial that cannot be shown to come from a real customer", "aliases": [], "category": "Processor policy", "severity": "High", "tier": "governing_test", "note": "Authenticity is not visible from the page. The finding is the absence of a traceable record, never an accusation that a review is fake.", "findings": 8, "listings": 8, "citations": [ { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "16 CFR 465.2", "pin": "fake or false consumer reviews and testimonials", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-16/chapter-I/subchapter-D/part-465", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "regulation", "cite": "16 CFR 255.1", "pin": "advertisers are liable for claims made through endorsements, including claims they could not make directly", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-16/part-255", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" }, { "authority": "Stripe", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Stripe Prohibited and Restricted Businesses", "pin": "Prohibited Businesses: nutraceuticals and pseudo-pharmaceuticals; unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices", "url": "https://stripe.com/legal/restricted-businesses", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PR-05/" }, { "rule_id": "CV-PR-06", "phrase": "High-pressure upsell or false scarcity (countdown timers, fake stock alerts)", "aliases": [], "category": "Processor policy", "severity": "Medium", "tier": "platform_contract", "note": "", "findings": 0, "listings": 0, "citations": [ { "authority": "Stripe", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Stripe Prohibited and Restricted Businesses", "pin": "Prohibited Businesses: nutraceuticals and pseudo-pharmaceuticals; unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices", "url": "https://stripe.com/legal/restricted-businesses", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" }, { "authority": "Square", "jurisdiction": "platform", "instrument": "processor policy", "cite": "Square Payment Terms, restricted businesses", "pin": "businesses and activities that may not use the Payment Services", "url": "https://squareup.com/us/en/legal/general/payment", "verified_on": "2026-09-13" }, { "authority": "FTC", "jurisdiction": "US", "instrument": "statute", "cite": "FTC Act s.5(a), 15 U.S.C. 45(a)", "pin": "unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/45", "verified_on": "2026-08-18" } ], "url": "https://claimsverified.org/standards/CV-PR-06/" } ] }